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Introduction and Aims: Demoralization syndrome is characterized by individual's inability to cope with the stressful event and losing sense of mastery and meaning of life which could result in feelings of subjective incompetency and people can experience it after potentially fatal diseases. In this regard, demoralization syndrome in patient with human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] were compared to the general population
Materials and Methods: In a descriptive-comparative study, 50 patients [aged 20 to 50 years] with HIV referring to infectious department of Imam Khomeini hospital, and the Tehran health centers with nonrandomized available choice, and with 50 people of general population [aged 20 to 50 years] in terms of gender, age and education level were matched for comparison and were selected to answer the Demoralization Scale [Kissane 2004]
Data were processed by SPSS v.20 to calculate independent T test
Results: Findings indicate significant deference [P < 0.0001] between demoralization syndrome of patients with human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] and general population
Conclusion: Regarding to high level of demoralization syndrome in these patients, paying attention to their existential needs seems to be necessary in prevention of intensification of psychological problems
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Objective: Providing care to children who have disability is often a stressful experience, yet spiritual beliefs may help mothers to be patient, tolerant and hard in coping with child-rearing difficulties. This study examined the relationship between the spiritual attitudes of mothers of handicapped children to child-rearing and psychological hardiness
Methods: In a descriptive correlational study, 120 mothers of handicapped children who were referred to the rehabilitation clinics of the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences [Rofeideh, Akhavan and Sina clinics] were selected through purposeful sampling and answered the Sanctification of Parents Scale [SPS], and Personal Views Survey [PVS]. Data were analyzed by SPSS-20 software and statistical procedures including Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used
Results: Results showed that spiritual attitudes to child-rearing are significant predictors of hardiness in mothers
Discussion: It seems like having spiritual attitudes in difficult situations such as providing care for disabled children plays a significant role in mother's patience and hardiness
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Objective: Elders face existential issues such as death, a sense of losing, lack of life, last chances, and meaning of life. If people cannot confront it effectively, they may be lost meaning of life. They will suffer from a core of set of syndromes that are called "demoralization". Cognitive spirituality-based counseling tries to correct beliefs and the human imagination of God via cognitive therapy concepts and techniques, because they prevent realistic and genuine attention to existential anxieties
Methods: A single case experimental plan, an A-B form, was used in this study. After determining the baseline situation, intervention started. 10 sessions of cognitive spirituality-based counseling were applied individually. A follow-up session including running inventories was conducted a month after the intervention. The participants were 3 elderly women who were deemed appropriate for this study on the demoralization scale. Then, a cognitive distortions inventory was employed to measure cognitive distortions that were related to demoralization. The statistical population included elder women who had been referred to Iran Alzheimer Association. Accessible and purposeful sampling method was used to select the cases
Results: The results of visual analysis of the data showed that cognitive spirituality-based counseling had a positive effective on two cases but not on the third one
Discussion: It seems that cognitive-spirituality counseling was significantly effective in demoralization in two-third of the participants
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Objectives: This present study aims to examine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral-based stress management training on anxiety in female MS patients.
Methods: This study employed a semi-experimental research method with pre-test post-test, control group and random assignment. The statistical population fully consisted of female MS patients referred to the Iran MS association in 2014, from which 24 individuals were selected by accessible sampling, who were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. For measuring the independent variable, Beck's Anxiety inventories were used.
Results: The results of ANCOVA showed that cognitive-behavioral-based stress management training was effective in reducing the anxiety of female MS patients [p= 0.05].
Discussion: According to the results obtained, we believe that the cognitive-behavioral-based stress management training program has been effective on anxiety reduction in female MS patients. Thus, this training method can be used for target groups and the general population as an interventional program.
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Objectives: Multiple Sclerosis [MS] is the most prevalent central nervous system diseases that due to chronicity, frequent recurrence, uncertainty about progression, and disability, can lead to various distresses as well as demoralization. Rehabilitation method based on Cognitive-Existential therapy is an integrated approach to decreasing demoralization syndrome in these patients. This study aimed to exploring effectiveness of rehabilitation method based on Cognitive-Existential approach on decreasing demoralization syndrome in patients with Multiple Sclerosis.
Methods: Single subject design was used in this study. Among women who had referred to Tehran MS Association, 3 women [aged between 20-40] were selected through purposeful sampling and separately participated in 10 sessions [90 minutes]. Participants were assessed during 7 phases of intervention [2 baselines, 3 measurements during intervention, 2 follow-up] through Demoralization Syndrome Scale and Cognitive Distortion scale. Data were analyzed by calculating process variation index and visual analysis.
Results: Comparing patients with MS scores on the diagram during 7 time measurement and calculating recovery percentage, represent decreasing in demoralization syndrome score scale.
Discussion: Findings showed that rehabilitation method based on Cognitive Existential approach can decrease demoralization syndrome in patients with MS.
ABSTRACT
Mastectomy as a treatment for breast cancer can disturb marital satisfaction of many couples. In this way, existential anxieties stemming from this potentially deleterious event, and inefficient responses to them, could be mediating. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a rehabilitation method based on existential approach and Olson's marital enrichment model on marital satisfaction of women who had undergone mastectomy and their husbands. In this study, a single subject research design is used. The study population comprised couples who had referred to Radiotherapy department of Imam Hussein hospital in Tehran, that among them three couples whose average age was 20 to 50 years old, wife's had undergone mastectomy, tumor has not spread to other parts of the body, and had no prior history of psychiatric disorders before cancer, were selected through purposeful sampling and Intervention in 12 sessions of 90 minutes once a week, has been designed to suit their specific needs. The level of couple's marital satisfaction was evaluated using Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Comparing couple's scores on the diagram during 9 time measurement [3 times baseline, 4 times during intervention, and 2 times follow up assessment] and calculating recovery percentage, represent increasing in score of marital adjustment scale. So it seems that, this kind of an eclectic couple therapy, by considering couples existential anxiety, has been promoted their marital satisfaction. Explanations are given in discussion part
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Deafness is a heterogeneous condition with far-reaching effects on social, emotional, and cognitive development. Many regard themselves as members of a cultural minority who use sign language. They should not continue to be neglected in research on depression. The purpose of this article is to investigate depression among the deaf people based on researches results. We identified relevant studies by searching the computerized databases Science Direct, PsycINFO and Medline. Additional relevant studies were identified through the reference sections of studies found during the initial search. In this article we retrieved 11 articles, 8 of them indicated a higher degree of depression amongst deaf people in comparison with hearing ones. The remaining 3 articles showed no difference between two groups. In addition anxiety disorders and insomnia were the highest degrees after depression in deaf people. Mild levels of depressive symptoms are more prevalent in the deaf than in hearing students but more severe depression is not. Although there is no evidence in the literature to suggest that Deaf adults do not experience depressive symptoms, the typical methods of assessing depressive symptoms among the population are inadequate and unreliable
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Some of the mothers of children with cancer suffer from reactive depression and confront existential crises, and benefit from their image of God in coping with it. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of spiritually-oriented cognitive therapy on reducing depression symptoms in mothers of children with cancer. A single case experimental design and an A-B form were used in this study. The participants were selected through purposeful sampling. We studied three of the mothers of children who had been admitted to the pediatric ward of 'Mofid Pediatric Hospital'. These children were aged under 12years; they suffered from any kind of cancer except brain tumor; cancer had not metastasized to other parts of the body; the mothers themselves had no history of psychiatric illness prior to their child's illness, and had mild to moderate depression at the time of screening. These mothers were subjected to spiritually-oriented cognitive therapy for 10 individual sessions, 90 minutes per week. The depression grade and the changes were measured with Beck Depression Inventory [BDI-II]. Comparing the mothers' scores through 8 times of completing the inventory [three at baseline, three during the therapy and two follow-ups], and calculating the percent of recovery showed a decrease in depression scores. It seems that spiritually-oriented cognitive therapy can enhance the spiritual experience and reduce depression in cognitive and existential contexts
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Child , Neoplasms , Spiritual Therapies , Spirituality , Anxiety , MothersABSTRACT
Background: Understand and identifying of the experiences of meth addicted persons while withdrawal, could provide a worthwhile apprehension of how being experienced of the method of treatment and its effect on patients. The purpose of this research was to explore the experiences of meth addicted persons during treatment by the [rebirth] method
Methodology: This study was accomplished by qualitative approach and content analysis method. Verdigs rehabilitation center, one of the subsets of Charitable Societies of rebirth locating in Karajs Vardavard, was the place this study accomplished. Data collection has done through deep semistructured interview and field's observation. Sampling methods were a mixture of purposive and snowballing that continued until data saturation reached to 15 in number
Findings: Results of the study, through the treatment and recovery tunnel imply that the experiences of participants, is dividable to three main steps including: the first week presence in rehabilitation center, participating in programs and recovery
Conclusion: It seems that the treatment programs of the center, considering extracted categories of this study, was relied on participants needs and participants described the treatment positive and successful
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This study used a quasi-experimental method in the pretest-posttest to evaluate the efficacy of cognitive-existential group therapy on hopefulness in parents of children with cancer. Thirty parents [24 to 54 years old] of children with cancer were divided randomly into experimental and control groups. Both groups were assessed with Miller Hope Scale [1988], as pre-test. The experimental group received cognitive-existential group therapy in 12 sessions, each lasting 90 minutes [2 sessions per week], but no psychological intervention was applied to the control group. At the end of the intervention, both groups were reassessed through post-test. Data were analyzed by SPSS through analysis of covariance. Significant differences in hopefulness between the two groups [p<0.01] were observed in favor of the experimental group. Cognitive-existential group therapy can be effective in increasing hopefulness in parents of children with cancer